The Infona portal uses cookies, i.e. strings of text saved by a browser on the user's device. The portal can access those files and use them to remember the user's data, such as their chosen settings (screen view, interface language, etc.), or their login data. By using the Infona portal the user accepts automatic saving and using this information for portal operation purposes. More information on the subject can be found in the Privacy Policy and Terms of Service. By closing this window the user confirms that they have read the information on cookie usage, and they accept the privacy policy and the way cookies are used by the portal. You can change the cookie settings in your browser.
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) coupled to chemometrics techniques was used to investigate high quality motor oils samples adulterated with lower quality oils, like used oils and standard oils. The results showed that Partial Least Squares (PLS) models based on infrared spectra were a suitable analytical method for predicting adulteration of high quality motor oils in the concentration...
Since the production of crude oil may not meet the increasing demand in the next future, coal liquefaction products have sparked great interest as one of the possible substitutes of petroleum in the transportation field. Speciation of oxygen in direct coal liquefaction products is essential considering the important role of oxygenated compounds in coal conversion reactions. This study attempts to...
Laboratory tests of the reactivity of two limestones used for desulphurization of fluidized bed boilers showed that the desulphurization capacity of their calcinates do not yet correspond to routinely applied opinions on the absolute content of CaO in the limestone. Limestone with lower CaO content desulphurised the combustion gas more. This was caused by the fact that the desulphurization reactions...
A new-type nozzle named V-type intersecting hole nozzle was proposed for diesel engines. The formation of fan-shaped spray was proven by means of high-speed imaging technique. The spray characteristics including spray angle and spray tip penetration were studied by the comparison of two V-type intersecting hole nozzles with different intersecting angles and a single hole nozzle under variable boundary...
This paper describes the numerical and experimental investigations of the gas temperature deviation in the crossover pass of a large scale, advanced low NOx, tangentially fired pulverized coal boiler. Major attention was paid to the region of the final super-heater where the tube ruptures occasionally had been occurred due to the tube overheating. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation and...
A detailed mathematical model, comprehensive of the main chemical and physical processes, is proposed for the open-core downdraft gasification of wood pellets, which permits a dual air entry: from the top section (primary air) and at a certain height of the packed bed (secondary air). A transition is simulated from a single, top-stabilized front (zero percentage of secondary air), to a double front...
The effects of equivalence ratio, fuel droplet size, and radiation on jet spray flame are investigated by means of two-dimensional direct numerical simulation (DNS). In addition, the validity of an extended flamelet/progress-variable approach (EFPV), in which heat transfer between droplets and ambient fluid including radiation is exactly taken into account, is examined. n-decane (C 10 H ...
Fast pyrolysis of a sewage sludge sample, which contains a high content of nitrogen, was investigated to understand the effects of pyrolysis temperature and sweeping gas flow rate on the yields of pyrolysis products and the distributions of carbon and nitrogen. The maximum oil yield of ca. 48.7% (daf) was achieved at a pyrolysis temperature of 500°C and a sweeping gas flow rate of 600cm 3 ...
This work presents the coupled measurements of droplet size distribution, droplet velocity distribution and droplet shape in a dimethyl ether (DME) spray with 6MPa and 8MPa injection pressures into a high pressure atmosphere with 2MPa. To investigate the influence of the spray characteristics on the auto-ignition characteristics of the spray, the auto-ignition delay time was measured. The comparison...
In a series of two papers chemical looping combustion (CLC) of two Victorian brown coals (Loy Yang and Morwell) were investigated using CuO as oxygen carrier. The experiments were conducted using a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) under CO 2 gasification environment with CuO. This first paper reports the assessment of interaction between CuO and minerals inherent in coals during one reduction...
Gamma-alumina (γ-Al 2 O 3 ) is one of the most useful support or additive materials in the preparation of dry sorbent for CO 2 capture from flue gas. However, when the γ-Al 2 O 3 was used in the preparation of dry sorbent, the potassium-based γ-Al 2 O 3 sorbent was deactivated by the forming of by-products like KAl(CO 3 )(OH) 2 ...
Compared with traditional pyrolysis processes, the integrated process of CO 2 reforming methane and coal pyrolysis (CRMP) can obviously improve the tar yield. However, the structural information and formation mechanism of coal tar in the integrated process are still unknown. To compare the chemical composition of coal tars under different atmospheres, GC and GC/MS were used to analyze the...
NiO redox processes and hydrogen production from dry and humidified methane were investigated by chemical looping combustion (CLC) and chemical looping reforming (CLR) using NiO as an oxygen carrier. To achieve a lower operating temperature in the NiO reduction process, oxide ion conductors such as gadolinia doped ceria (GDC) and strontium doped lanthanum aluminate (LSA) were investigated as the support...
Diesel engines are among the most effective engines in the world. Known as strong, economical and robust, they are also recognized for their traditional smoke and high level of nitrous oxides, NO x emissions. In the present study, a basic diesel engine that meets Euro III emissions standards with NO x concentration limited to 5.0g/kWh and the particulate matter limited to 0.100g/kWh...
Alkali chlorides deposited on superheater tubes are known to cause corrosion in boilers burning biofuels and waste. The objective of this work was to compare the corrosivities of KCl and NaCl on commonly used superheater steels at typical superheater tube temperatures (400–650°C). Two austenitic stainless steels and one low alloy steel were tested under laboratory conditions in air. The results show...
Cu/CeO 2 (cop) was prepared by a coprecipitation method using NH 3 ·H 2 O as a precipitant (in order to avoid the residues of alkali metals), followed by a boiling process to eliminate NH 3 and decompose [Cu(NH 3 ) 4 ] 2+ complex. Because the Cu particles in Cu/CeO 2 (cop) were much smaller than those in Cu/CeO 2 (imp) (prepared...
An analytical method for the detection of carbonaceous gases by a non-dispersive infrared sensor (NDIR) has been developed. The calibration plots of six carbonaceous gases including CO 2 , CH 4 , CO, C 2 H 2 , C 2 H 4 and C 2 H 6 were obtained and the reproducibility determined to verify the feasibility of this gas monitoring method....
Soybean is one of the main raw materials used for biodiesel production. However, the polyunsaturated fatty acids present in soybean seeds are not desirable for this purpose due to their low oxidative stability. Therefore, it is expected that the use of soybean cultivars with low linolenic acid content for biodiesel production will improve its oxidative stability and the cold filter plugging point...
In this study, we present information of the chemistry and morphology of soot particles and precursors generated in inverse diffusion flames of liquid fuels. It was found that diesel surrogate fuel (SF) produces five times more soot than the aliphatic hexane flame (H). This difference is mainly due to the high contribution of both aromatic and cyclohexane fraction of the initial SF, which could significantly...
The modeling of the in-cylinder pressure oscillations under knocking conditions is tackled in this work. High frequency pressure oscillations are modeled by the explicit integration of a partial differential wave equation augmented with a time-dependent dissipation term. The general solution of such equation is determined by the Fourier method of separation of variables whereas the integration constants...
Set the date range to filter the displayed results. You can set a starting date, ending date or both. You can enter the dates manually or choose them from the calendar.